昨天，海關(guān)總署對(duì)外發(fā)布了今年5月份的外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口數(shù)據(jù)。上個(gè)月，我國進(jìn)出口總值1.97萬億元，同比下降9.7%；其中出口1.17萬億元，同比下降2.8%。上個(gè)月的進(jìn)口額則出人意料出現(xiàn)大幅下滑，進(jìn)口額為8033.3億元，下降幅度達(dá)到18.1%。

進(jìn)口額大幅下滑致順差擴(kuò)大65%

因?yàn)檫M(jìn)口額的大幅下滑，導(dǎo)致上月末我國貿(mào)易順差達(dá)到3668億元，同比擴(kuò)大了65%。至此，今年前5個(gè)月，我國進(jìn)出口總值9.47萬億元人民幣，比去年同期下降7.8%。其中出口5.4萬億元，扭轉(zhuǎn)了今年初同比下滑的趨勢，實(shí)現(xiàn)了同比增長0.8%；但進(jìn)口則同比下滑17.2%，為4.07萬億元，這也致使今年前5個(gè)月我國貿(mào)易順差達(dá)到1.33萬億元。

煤炭、鐵礦石進(jìn)口降幅明顯拖累進(jìn)口額下滑

對(duì)于上個(gè)月我國外貿(mào)進(jìn)口額出現(xiàn)出乎預(yù)料的下滑，有財(cái)經(jīng)機(jī)構(gòu)指出今年以來煤炭進(jìn)口降幅最為明顯，鐵礦石進(jìn)口也出現(xiàn)較大下滑，拖累了進(jìn)口額的下滑，同時(shí)也顯示中國經(jīng)濟(jì)內(nèi)需仍然疲軟。據(jù)海關(guān)總署的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，5月份我國煤炭進(jìn)口量環(huán)比大幅下滑近30%，同比降幅超過40%。今年前5個(gè)月累計(jì)進(jìn)口量為8326萬噸，比去年同期累計(jì)進(jìn)口量大幅減少近40%。主要原因是國內(nèi)煤炭市場的不景氣、產(chǎn)能過剩擠壓了進(jìn)口煤的市場空間。另外，進(jìn)口煤因失去價(jià)格優(yōu)勢而受到冷落。 另外數(shù)據(jù)顯示，今年以來我國對(duì)美國、東盟出口增長，而歐盟雖然仍是我國最大出口地區(qū)，但今年前5個(gè)月，中歐貿(mào)易總值明顯下降，此外我國對(duì)日本的進(jìn)出口額也出現(xiàn)下滑。今年前5個(gè)月，中美貿(mào)易總值為1.34萬億元，增長2.8%，占我外貿(mào)總值的14.2%。其中，我對(duì)美國出口9690.9億元，增長8.9%；自美國進(jìn)口3742.2億元，下降10.2%；對(duì)美貿(mào)易順差5948.7億元，擴(kuò)大25.7%。前5個(gè)月，我與東盟貿(mào)易總值為1.13萬億元，增長0.5%，占我外貿(mào)總值的11.9%。其中，我對(duì)東盟出口6834.7億元，增長9.9%；自東盟進(jìn)口4418.7億元，下降11.3%；對(duì)東盟貿(mào)易順差2416億元，擴(kuò)大95.2%。

中日貿(mào)易明顯下降

而今年以來中日貿(mào)易則明顯下降，無論貿(mào)易總值還是進(jìn)口額和出口額的下降幅度都超過了11%。前5個(gè)月，內(nèi)地與香港貿(mào)易也大幅下降，其中對(duì)港出口下降9.2%；自港進(jìn)口更是大幅下降24.1%。（中國進(jìn)出口網(wǎng)）

Yesterday, the General Administration of Customs released the import and export data in May of this year. Last month, the import and export value reached 1.97 trillion yuan, down by 9.7%; of which exports reached 1.17 trillion yuan, down by 2.8%. Last month the imports fell unexpectedly sharply, imports amounted to 803.33 billion yuan, a decrease of 18.1%.

Sharp dro in imports caused trade surplus to expand 65%

Because of the sharp dro in imports, China's trade surplus reached 366.8 billion yuan last month, an expansion of 65%. So far, in the first five months of this year, China’s import and export value reached to 9.47 trillion yuan, down by 7.8% over last year, of which exports reached 5.4 trillion yuan, reversing the downward trend in the beginning of this year year, achieving an increase of 0.8%; however, imports fell by 17.2% to 4.07 trillion yuan, which also resulted in 1.33 one trillion yuan of China's trade surplus in the first five months.

Coal, iron ore imports fell significantly, which dragged imports off

For the last month, China's foreign trade imports fell unexpectedly, there are financial institutions noting that this year the most obvious decline appears in imports of coal, iron ore imports also decline largely, dragging down the value of imports, but also showing that the Chinese domestic demand is still weak. According to Customs data, in May China's coal imports fell sharply nearly by 30%, declined by more than 40% year on year. In the first five months of total imports amounted to 83.26 million tons, a substantial reduction of nearly 40% over the same period last year’s total imports. The main reason is the downturn domestic coal market and overcapacity squeeze the imported coal market space. In addition, imported coal’s price advantage loss ia another reason.

Further data shows that this year China’s exports to the United States and ASEAN grew, while the EU is China's largest export region, but in the first five months of this year, China-EU trade value decreased, besides import and export volume of China to Japan also fell. In the first five months, bilateral trade between China and US amounted to 1.34 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.8%, accounting for 14.2% of our total foreign trade. Of that, exports to US reached 969.09 billion yuan, an increase of 8.9%; imports from US 374.22 billion yuan, down 10.2%; trade surplus 594.87 billion yuan, expanding 25.7%. In the last five months, trades with ASEAN totaled 1.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.5%, 11.9% of China’s total foreign trade. Of that, exports to ASEAN 683.47 billion yuan, an increase of 9.9%; imports from ASEAN 441.87 billion yuan, down 11.3%; ASEAN trade surplus 241.6 billion yuan, expanding 95.2%.

Sino-Japanese trade decreased
And this year, Sino-Japanese trade decreased significantly, whether trade value or imports or exports decline by more than 11%. In the first five months, the trade between Mainland and Hong Kong also declined substantially, of which exports to Hong Kong fell by 9.2%; imports from Hong Kong dropped by 24.1%.